The Tana River

The Tana River: A Historical Waterway of Shida Kartli

The Tana River (მდინარე ტანა) is a significant river flowing through the Shida Kartli region of Georgia, an area renowned for its rich history and ancient landmarks. Originating on the northern slopes of the Trialeti Range, one of Georgia’s major mountain chains, the Tana carves its way northwards through a picturesque valley known as the Tana Gorge. This gorge is not only a place of natural beauty but is also historically important, having been a strategic route and home to numerous settlements and religious centers for centuries.

The river is a left tributary of the Mtkvari, Georgia’s largest river, joining it near the city of Gori. The Tana’s valley is particularly famous for housing the magnificent Kintsvisi Monastery, a 13th-century masterpiece of Georgian architecture celebrated for its unique frescoes, including the figure of the Kintsvisi Angel. The river’s path is dotted with other historical sites, fortresses, and church ruins, making its valley a compelling destination for those interested in history, culture, and nature. The Tana has been a lifeblood for the region, supporting agriculture and communities that have thrived along its banks since ancient times.

ℹ️ General Information

• Name of River: Tana River (მდინარე ტანა)
• Location: Shida Kartli region, Gori Municipality
• Length: 39 km
• Basin Size: 406 km²
• Source (Origin): Northern slopes of the Trialeti Range
• Mouth (Where it flows): Left tributary of the Mtkvari River
• Altitude of Source: 2265 m
• Main Tributaries: Tkliana, Lipa

📍 Geography & Course

The Tana River begins in the high-altitude meadows of the Trialeti Range and descends through the deep and scenic Tana Gorge. The upper part of the river is a typical mountain stream with a rapid flow. As it approaches the Shida Kartli plain, its valley widens, and the flow becomes calmer. The river flows through several villages before its confluence with the Mtkvari.

🌿 Nature & Ecology

The Tana Gorge is characterized by dense deciduous forests, primarily composed of oak, hornbeam, and beech trees. The river and its surrounding forests provide a habitat for a variety of wildlife, including roe deer, wild boar, and numerous bird species. The clear waters of the Tana support several species of fish.

🏛️ History & Culture

The Tana valley is a historical treasure trove.

• Kintsvisi Monastery: The most famous landmark, known for its stunning blue-toned frescoes from the golden age of Georgian art.
• Ancient Fortresses: The ruins of several medieval watchtowers and fortresses can be found along the gorge, attesting to its strategic importance.
• Archaeological Sites: The area has been continuously inhabited for millennia, and archaeological findings point to early settlements.

🚣 Activities & Tourism

• Cultural Tourism: The primary draw is visiting Kintsvisi Monastery and other historical sites in the valley.
• Hiking and Picnicking: The Tana Gorge offers excellent opportunities for hiking, with scenic trails and beautiful spots for picnicking by the river.
• Fishing: The river is a popular spot for local amateur fishermen.

🛤️ Accessibility

The Tana valley is easily accessible from the main east-west highway of Georgia. A turn-off near the town of Kareli leads directly into the gorge. The road follows the river, providing easy access to Kintsvisi and other points of interest. It is a popular day trip from Tbilisi or Gori.