The Khrami River

The Khrami River: A Major River of Kvemo Kartli

The Khrami River (მდინარე ხრამი) is a major river in the Kvemo Kartli region of southeastern Georgia. It originates in the Trialeti Range and flows for over 200 kilometers before joining the Mtkvari (Kura) River on the border with Azerbaijan. The Khrami is of significant economic importance, primarily due to the Khrami Hydroelectric Power Station cascade, which includes the large Tsalka Reservoir in its upper course. The river flows through deep canyons and valleys, creating dramatic landscapes, especially in the Dashbashi Canyon area. It is a vital water source for the municipalities of Tsalka, Tetritskaro, Dmanisi, Bolnisi, and Marneuli, supporting both energy production and agriculture in the fertile Kvemo Kartli plain.

ℹ️ General Information

• Name of River: Khrami River (მდინარე ხრამი)
• Location: Kvemo Kartli, Georgia
• Length: 201 km
• Basin Size: 8340 km²
• Source (Origin): Trialeti Range
• Mouth (Where it flows): Mtkvari (Kura) River

📍 Geography & Course

The upper course of the Khrami is on the high volcanic plateau of Tsalka, where it is dammed to form the Tsalka Reservoir. Below the reservoir, it carves the spectacular Dashbashi Canyon. It then flows southeast across the Kvemo Kartli plain before its confluence with the Mtkvari.

🌿 Nature & Ecology

The river’s valley boasts diverse ecosystems, from the high-altitude wetlands of the Tsalka plateau to the unique microclimate of Dashbashi Canyon and the arid steppe landscapes of the lower plain. The canyon is a natural monument, known for its waterfalls and lush vegetation.

🏛️ History & Culture

The Khrami valley is rich in archaeological sites, most famously the Dmanisi archaeological site, where the earliest hominin fossils outside of Africa (Homo erectus georgicus) were discovered. The region is also dotted with numerous medieval churches and fortresses.

🚣 Activities & Tourism

• Dashbashi Canyon: A major tourist destination with hiking trails, viewpoints, and a spectacular glass bridge.
• Tsalka Reservoir: A popular spot for fishing and recreation.
• Archaeological Tourism: Visiting the Dmanisi Museum-Reserve is a must for anyone interested in human prehistory.

🛤️ Accessibility

The various parts of the Khrami river are easily accessible. Tsalka and the Dashbashi Canyon are accessible via a good road from Tbilisi. The lower parts of the river are crossed by the main highways leading south from the capital.