Bebris Tsikhe (Fortress of the Old Man)

Bebris Tsikhe: The Northern Guardian of Ancient Mtskheta

Standing guard on a rocky outcrop at the northern entrance to Georgia’s ancient capital, Bebris Tsikhe (“Fortress of the Old Man”) is an essential part of the historical landscape of Mtskheta. Overlooking the confluence of the Mtkvari and Aragvi rivers, this ruined fortress has watched over the spiritual heart of Georgia for well over a thousand years, controlling the vital road from the north.

The story of Bebris Tsikhe stretches back into the early feudal period, with some historians suggesting even earlier, antique foundations. It was a key military outpost for the rulers of Kartli, protecting the capital from northern incursions. Its walls have witnessed the entire sweep of Georgian history unfold in the valley below, from the establishment of Christianity to the countless invasions that have targeted Mtskheta. Though now in ruins, its powerful silhouette remains a potent symbol of Mtskheta’s enduring importance.

A visit to Bebris Tsikhe is an easy and highly rewarding part of any trip to Mtskheta. A short, steep path leads up to the ruins from the base of the hill. From its crumbling walls, you are treated to one of the most iconic views in Georgia: a stunning panorama of Jvari Monastery on its opposing peak, Svetitskhoveli Cathedral rising from the town center, and the two holy rivers meeting below.

The fortress itself is an atmospheric ruin, with the remains of a main citadel, towers, and curtain walls clearly visible. It is a place to connect with the military history that protected this sacred city and to capture unforgettable photographs of the quintessential Georgian landscape.

🗺️ Geography & Location

Exact Location:

The fortress is located on the north side of Mtskheta, on a rocky hill on the right bank of the Aragvi River.

Strategic Placement:

It controlled the northern approach to the ancient capital of Mtskheta and overlooked the strategically vital confluence of the Mtkvari and Aragvi rivers.

Coordinates:

Approximately 41.8486° N, 44.7175° E.

📖 History & Background

Date of Construction & Origins:

The current structure mainly dates to the developed feudal period (9th-11th centuries), though fortifications on this site likely existed much earlier.

Historical Role:

A key military fortress for the defense of Mtskheta, the ancient capital of the Kingdom of Iberia (Kartli).

Status:

A cultural heritage monument of national significance, preserved as ruins.

🏗️ Architecture & Design

Materials Used:

Cobblestone and local stone.

Key Features:

• Hilltop Fortification: The fortress has an irregular plan that perfectly follows the contours of the rocky hill.
• Visible Ruins: The ruins include the main citadel, a large triangular tower, and sections of the outer walls.

Unique Aspects:

Its location provides one of the most famous and iconic panoramic views in all of Georgia, encompassing Mtskheta’s two UNESCO World Heritage sites (Svetitskhoveli and Jvari).

🌟 Cultural & Tourist Significance

The Mtskheta Panorama:

The primary draw for most visitors is the unparalleled view of the historic heart of Georgia.

Accessible History:

Its proximity to Tbilisi and easy access make it a very popular spot for a short historical walk.

🚶 How to Visit

Best Time of Year to Visit:

Accessible and beautiful year-round.

Accessibility:

Easy. Located on the edge of Mtskheta town, it requires a short but steep walk up a well-trodden path to reach the ruins.