The Suramula River: A River of the Surami Pass
The Suramula River (მდინარე სურამულა) is a river in the Khashuri Municipality of Shida Kartli, central Georgia. As a left tributary of the Mtkvari River, it originates on the slopes of the Likhi Range. The river is named after the historic town of Surami, located in its valley. This area is most famous for the Surami Pass and the iconic Surami Fortress, which has guarded this vital gateway between eastern and western Georgia for centuries. The Suramula flows through the heart of this strategically crucial landscape.
The river valley is part of the main transport corridor of Georgia, with the country’s primary highway and railway line passing through it. While not a large river, its historical context is immense. It has been a silent witness to countless armies, trade caravans, and travelers making the journey across the Likhi Range. Today, the river is a scenic feature for those traveling this historic route and visiting the famous fortress.
ℹ️ General Information
- Name of River: Suramula River (მდინარე სურამულა)
- Location: Khashuri Municipality, Shida Kartli, Georgia.
- Length: 42 km (26 miles)
- Basin Size: 236 km² (91 sq mi)
- Source (Origin): Southern slope of the Likhi Range.
- Mouth (Where it flows): Left tributary of the Mtkvari River.
- Main Tributaries: Rikotula, Dumala.
📍 Geography & Course
The Suramula flows eastward from the Likhi Range. Its upper course is in a forested mountain valley, while its lower course crosses the Shida Kartli plain. It flows through the town of Surami and near Khashuri before joining the Mtkvari.
🌿 Nature & Ecology
The upper valley is covered in the dense, biodiverse forests of the Likhi Range. The lower valley is a mix of agricultural and urban landscapes. The river corridor provides an important green space along the heavily used transport route.
🏛️ History & Culture
The river valley is a place of major historical importance.
- Surami Fortress: The iconic fortress overlooking the valley is one of Georgia’s most famous castles, immortalized in the legend of “The Legend of the Surami Fortress.”
- Historic Gateway: The Surami Pass has been the main crossing point between Georgia’s two halves since ancient times, making the river valley a constant stage for historical events.
🚣 Activities & Tourism
- Visiting Surami Fortress: This is the primary tourist activity in the area.
- Roadside Markets: The Surami area is famous for its roadside vendors selling the local sweet bread, Nazuki.
🛤️ Accessibility
The Suramula river and the town of Surami are extremely accessible, located directly on Georgia’s main East-West highway (S1) and railway line. It is a common stop for travelers crossing the country.
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