The Abasha River

The Abasha River: Home of the Martvili Canyon

The Abasha River (მდინარე აბაშა) is a stunning waterway in the Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti region of western Georgia, most famous for carving out the world-renowned Martvili Canyon (also known as Gachedili Canyon). Originating from the southern slopes of the Egrisi Range, this river is a jewel of Georgian nature, drawing thousands of visitors each year to witness its vibrant turquoise waters and dramatic limestone cliffs. The river flows through a lush, green landscape, offering a refreshing escape and a glimpse into the region’s raw beauty.

Its journey begins from the confluence of two smaller mountain rivers near Mount Techurishdudi, from where it meanders through the Samegrelo lowlands before joining the Tskhenistsqali River. While the entire river is picturesque, its most significant feature is the canyon it has formed over millennia. This natural wonder has become a hub for tourism, transforming the local area and making the Abasha River one of the most visited natural sites in Georgia. The combination of easy accessibility and breathtaking scenery makes it a must-see destination for travelers.

ℹ️ General Information

• Name of River: Abasha River (მდინარე აბაშა)
• Location: Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti region; Martvili and Abasha municipalities.
• Length: 66 km (41 miles)
• Basin Size: 370 km² (140 sq mi)
• Source (Origin): Egrisi Range, near Mt. Techurishdudi, altitude of 2,640 m.
• Mouth (Where it flows): Tskhenistsqali River.
• Main Tributaries: Toba, Noghela.

📍 Geography & Course

The Abasha River originates high in the Egrisi mountains and descends into the Kolkheti lowlands. Its most spectacular section is the Martvili Canyon, a 2,400-meter-long gorge that the river has carved into limestone rock. The canyon is divided into two parts: an upper section for boat tours and a lower section for walking and enjoying the waterfalls. The river’s water is exceptionally clear and cold, maintaining a vibrant turquoise color that contrasts beautifully with the moss-covered white cliffs and surrounding Colchic forest.

🌿 Nature & Ecology

The ecosystem around the Abasha River is rich and diverse. The canyon walls are covered with lianas and ancient trees, creating a prehistoric, jungle-like atmosphere. The area is part of the Colchic Rainforests and Wetlands, a UNESCO World Heritage site. This unique environment supports a variety of plant species, and the river itself is home to several types of fish. The constant spray from waterfalls creates a humid microclimate perfect for mosses and ferns to thrive.

🏛️ History & Culture

Historically, the area around the Abasha River has been significant for centuries. The nearby Martvili Monastery (Chkondidi), dating back to the 7th century, was a major ecclesiastical and cultural center in Georgia. It is said that the Dadiani noble family of Samegrelo used the lower parts of the canyon as their personal bathing spot. The discovery of fossilized bones of prehistoric animals in the canyon adds another layer of historical depth to this incredible location.

🚣 Activities & Tourism

• Boating in Martvili Canyon: The main attraction is a boat trip through the upper canyon, offering close-up views of the waterfalls and rock formations.
• Hiking and Walking: The lower canyon has a well-maintained stone path with viewing platforms overlooking the river and its cascades.
• Swimming: While the water is cold, swimming is possible in designated areas during the summer months.
• Photography: The canyon is a paradise for photographers, with its stunning colors and dramatic landscapes.

🛤️ Accessibility

The Abasha River and Martvili Canyon are easily accessible. The nearest major city is Kutaisi, which is about an hour’s drive away. The canyon is located near the town of Martvili. The best season to visit is from late spring to early autumn (May to October) when the weather is warm and the water levels are safe for boating.