Karagoli Lake

Karagoli Lake: A Gem of Borjomi-Kharagauli Park

Karagoli Lake is a stunning high-altitude lake nestled within the pristine landscapes of Borjomi-Kharagauli National Park, one of Georgia’s largest protected areas. Situated at over 2,200 meters above sea level, this small but captivating lake is of glacial origin, renowned for its crystal-clear, cold waters that beautifully reflect the surrounding subalpine scenery. The journey to the lake is an adventure in itself, involving a scenic hike through dense pine forests and vibrant alpine meadows, making it a favorite destination for hikers, campers, and nature photographers. Its tranquil environment offers a perfect escape from the hustle of city life, providing a serene spot for relaxation and immersion in untouched nature. The lake is a testament to the wild beauty of the Lesser Caucasus mountains, offering breathtaking views and a peaceful atmosphere. Despite its modest size, Karagoli Lake leaves a lasting impression with its picturesque setting and pristine condition, making it a must-visit location for anyone exploring the natural wonders of the Samtskhe-Javakheti region.

Identification and Location

• Name: Karagoli Lake.
• Location:
• Country: Georgia
• Region: Samtskhe-Javakheti
• Protected Area: Borjomi-Kharagauli National Park
• Nearest Major Landmark/Area: Located near the Marelisi Ranger Station trail, accessible via trails from the Bakuriani area.
• Coordinates: Approximately 41.79° N, 43.34° E.
• Connections: Fed primarily by snowmelt and underground springs; has a small outflow that contributes to local streams.

Physical Characteristics

• Surface Area: Relatively small, approximately 0.1 square kilometers.
• Maximum Depth: Shallow, estimated to be around 2-3 meters.
• Average Depth: Very shallow, around 1.5 meters.
• Volume: Limited due to its small size and shallow depth.
• Elevation: High altitude, approximately 2,250 meters above sea level.
• Shoreline Length: Roughly 1.2 kilometers.
• Water Source(s): Snowmelt, precipitation, and small springs.
• Outflowing Stream(s): A minor seasonal stream.
• Water Type: Freshwater, oligotrophic (low in nutrients).
• Basin Geology: Glacial cirque basin formed within the volcanic rock formations of the Lesser Caucasus.

Ecological Information

• Flora: The lake itself has sparse aquatic vegetation. The surrounding area is characterized by vibrant subalpine meadows rich in wildflowers during summer and is bordered by pine and fir forests at lower elevations.
• Fauna: Aquatic life is minimal due to the cold temperatures and low nutrient levels. The surrounding national park is a habitat for diverse wildlife, including brown bears, wolves, lynx, and numerous bird species.
• Trophic Level: Oligotrophic, indicating very clean, clear water with low biological productivity.
• Water Clarity: Excellent, with high transparency allowing visibility to the lakebed.
• Water Temperature: Remains cold throughout the year, with surface temperatures peaking in late summer. It freezes over completely in winter.
• pH Level: Likely neutral to slightly acidic.
• Unique Ecological Features: A pristine example of a high-altitude glacial lake; its untouched ecosystem serves as a valuable indicator of environmental health within the national park.
• Conservation Status: Fully protected as part of the Borjomi-Kharagauli National Park, managed by Georgia’s Agency of Protected Areas.

Human Interaction and Significance

• Historical Significance: Traditionally used by local shepherds as a watering point for livestock during summer grazing.
• Current Use: A popular destination for ecotourism, hiking, and camping. The trail to the lake is one of the marked routes in the national park. It’s also a subject for landscape photography.
• Environmental Issues: The primary threat is potential disturbance from tourism. Strict park regulations on camping and waste disposal are in place to mitigate impact.
• Management and Conservation Efforts: Managed by the national park administration, which maintains trails, operates ranger stations, and enforces conservation rules to preserve its natural state.
• Local Communities: The lake is a source of pride and a natural attraction that supports local tourism-related services in nearby villages.

Interesting or Unique Facts

• It is one of the most accessible and popular glacial lakes within Georgia’s national park system.
• The name “Karagoli” is of Turkic origin, meaning “Black Lake,” likely referring to the dark reflection of surrounding forests on its surface.
• The lake is frozen solid for more than six months of the year due to its high altitude.